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This study examines fairness perception of ancillary fees across different industries, and ways to communicate ancillary fees in a way that reduces customers' feeling that they are being unfairly treated. Through surveys and consumer experiments, we show that consumers’ perception of fairness decreases as the level of ancillary fees increases, with differences across industries. Also, when the customer is given a cue that the ancillary fees are necessary for low base prices, fairness perception increases, explained by the “dual entitlement” concept. Another effective communication strategy is early disclosure, as opposed to late disclosure which decreases fairness perception and willingness to recommend. 相似文献
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基于1990—2017年行业面板数据,采用超越对数生产函数对服务业各细分行业TFP增长率进行分解和测度,揭示我国服务业内部结构生产率演化进程及其异质性现象,并采用可导性对数方差分解法、VAR协整模型和误差修正模型(VECM)考察TFP及其构成部分对服务业行业发展差距的贡献度,评估其异质性作用于行业发展差距的长短期效应。研究发现,在服务业内部结构演化过程中,TFP、技术进步和技术效率改进呈逐步下降趋势,其中技术进步是推动TFP增长的核心,规模效率改进发展水平一直滞后,配置效率改进在服务业发展初期较为滞后,但水平逐步提升;生产性和生活性服务业行业间TFP及构成部分异质性在演化过程中呈下降趋势,且生活性服务业行业间异质性程度要小于生产性服务业,行业间异质性变化幅度最大的是规模效率改进,技术效率改进异质性波动程度最小;TFP异质性是造成行业间发展差距扩大的主要原因,其中技术效率改进是主导因素,且该效应的发挥只有在长期具有显著性。 相似文献
14.
Recently, low-cost airline (LCA) companies have become more attractive. However, emerging digital technologies have transformed the passengers’ profiles. Digital competency has become a crucial matter to capture digital passenger expectations. Hence, the purpose of the study is to introduce a new digital competency evaluation (DCE) model. The proposed model comprises technology transformation & implementation, and also transformation & adaptation management dimensions, with ten criteria and thirty sub-criteria. Criteria weights are calculated using the IVIF AHP method. The results show that the most significant dimension is transformation and adaptation management. The most digitally competent airline is selected through the IVIF VIKOR method. A case study concerning the LCAs is conducted in Turkey to verify the validity of the proposed model. 相似文献
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This paper examines the impact of bank-specific factors and variations in the context of stringency of government policy responses on bank stock returns because of the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample of 1,927 publicly listed banks from 110 countries is used for the period of the first major wave of COVID-19, that is, January to May 2020. Our findings indicate that stock returns of banks with higher capitalization and deposits, more diversification, lower non-performing loans, and larger size are more resilient to the pandemic. While banks’ environment and governance scores do not have a significant impact, higher social and corporate social responsibility strategy scores intensify the negative stock price reaction to COVID-19. We further observe that the pandemic-induced reduction in bank stock prices is mitigated as the strictness of government policy responses increases, mainly through economic responses such as income support, debt and contract relief, and fiscal measures from governments. 相似文献
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This study examines the links among corporate social responsibility (CSR), reputation, and performance in hotel companies from a multidimensional perspective. Data were collected from 322 hotels in China and partial least squares equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed for a causal-predictive analysis. Study results reveal that CSR practices influence hotel reputation as seen from both international and local perspectives. CSR and reputation influence performance dimensions (accounting-based performance, market-based performance, and non-financial performance) differently. The research findings offer specific theoretical and practical implications for hotel managers. 相似文献
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Tobias Karlsson 《Feminist Economics》2018,24(1):114-141
Women are generally seen as less inclined to join trade unions. This study matches firm–worker data from the Swedish cigar and printing industries around 1900 and examines information on men and women holding the same jobs; such data are rare but important for understanding gender gaps. The results explain the gender gap in union membership among compositors, but not among cigar workers. Differences in union membership varied considerably across firms, with the largest differences found in low-union-density cigar firms where indirect costs (that is, uncertainty and risk) accrued in particular to women workers. The lack of gender differences in mutual aid membership indicates that women were not hard to organize but avoided organizations associated with greater risk for employer retaliation and uncertain returns according to a cost–benefit analysis. 相似文献
19.
《Technovation》2018
The Chinese high-tech industry has developed greatly since the beginning of China's “National High-tech R&D (863) Program” and “China Torch Program”. This paper introduces a conceptual model extended from the innovation value chain model to simultaneously estimate the R&D and commercialization efficiencies for the high-tech industries of 29 provincial-level regions in China. To match reality, a network DEA incorporating both shared inputs and additional intermediate inputs is constructed to open the “black box” view of decision making units used in single-stage DEA. This study is the first attempt to link the R&D and commercialization with a solid theoretical foundation and feasible mathematical methods. The empirical findings show that most of the 29 regions have low efficiency in the commercialization sub-process compared to the R&D sub-process, although there are regional differences in China's high-tech industry. Pearson correlation shows that the R&D sub-process is not closely correlated to the commercialization sub-process in terms of efficiency. Our analysis can provide information for the formulation of policies to achieve high innovation efficiency. 相似文献
20.
研究目的:剖析农村土地制度和农业经营制度的关系,为完善农村基本经营制度提供参考。研究方法:比较分析法、文献研究法。研究结果:新中国成立70年来,农村基本经营制度先后历经新中国成立初期的"农民所有、家庭经营"、改革开放前期的"集体所有、集体经营"到改革开放后期的"集体所有、均田承包、家庭经营",再到现阶段的"集体所有、均田承包和多元经营"4个阶段。在这个过程当中,农村基本经营制度既遵循人口与土地关系、生存与发展关系以及政府与市场关系的大逻辑,又遵循着农村土地制度的"产权逻辑"、农业经营制度的"生产逻辑"等小逻辑。研究结论:为深化农村基本经营制度变革,需加强农村土地制度与农业经营制度联动改革的制度设计,发挥要素、组织和制度的作用,发展多种形式的适度规模经营,实现小农户与现代农业发展的有机衔接。 相似文献